The escalating cost of food in Ghana has become more than just an economic issue; it now poses a significant national security threat. With food inflation reaching 27.8% in December 2024, the strain on households is intensifying, particularly for vulnerable populations who spend a substantial portion of their income on food. The situation is exacerbated by factors such as illegal mining (galamsey), climate change, and disruptions in agricultural production, all of which threaten the nation’s food security.
Food insecurity is not just about hunger; it has far-reaching implications for social stability. The World Food Programme (WFP) estimates that over 1 million Ghanaians are food insecure, with malnutrition rates alarmingly high among children under five and women. Rising prices have also led to increased poverty, particularly in rural areas, further deepening inequalities. Historically, food crises have been linked to unrest and political instability, making this issue a pressing concern for national security.
While the government has implemented measures such as export bans and received international support to mitigate the crisis, these efforts remain insufficient without addressing root causes like poor agricultural infrastructure and environmental degradation. A comprehensive strategy that includes investment in sustainable farming practices, stricter enforcement against galamsey, and targeted social protection programs is essential.
Ghana must treat the rising cost of food as a matter of national urgency. Failure to act decisively risks not only worsening hunger but also destabilizing the social fabric of the country.